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What is Video Editing, really?

EVER WONDERED? 

5 minute read  or  listen to this article

A skill? Craft? Art? Or a sure way to get a screen tan?

While in the world of film, the general audience keeps their eye on the protagonist, is in awe of the actor's performance, the director passes through their mind, and the cinematographer touches the sweet tooth in their eye, but the editor is one who is seldom thought of, yet it is taken on the responsibility for beating the hearts of the audience to the sound of their drum.
And they would never know much about it.

 

Cinematography vs VideographyBojan Cosic
00:00 / 04:56

Editing is a careful and creative organizational practice of managing and assembling of still, motion, and audio images, into a cohesive video product.

As an endeavor, editing engages some of the basic skills in the technical, creative, social, and psychological spheres. Sounds like a bit much? Let's break it down. 

On the technical side of things. Firstly, computers are as smart as they are dumb. Faults and failed processes are inevitable despite the latest in software and hardware used. Video Editing demands from the editor to handle the technology appropriately in order to keep the project on target. It is crucial to absorb the understanding of legacy in television and film, how broadcasting systems have been arrived at and how they respond in different media environments.
To maximize efficiency and deliver the desired format, Video Editors construct a workflow. Although a part of the whole production and post-production process, the Video Editor is often responsible for constructing it within their own assignments.

 

Workflow is a technical plan that seeks to minimize the processing of data, manual labor and find the shortest path to the completion of the project without compromising quality, or the deadline. 

Workflow is often unique for every project, and while tailored for a smooth process, it never is immune to obstacles. Being an expert troubleshooter, a Video Editor must remain confident and calm when faced with puzzling crashes, corrupt files, offline media, artifacting, and a plethora of endless issues that arise along the way. All while the deadline is looming over their heads. Without these skills, the projects cannot be guaranteed the output at all, much less on time. This is a hard skill to master and experience does not have a substitute.

Another such example of technical skills is organizational skills. Projects can be immense in size, with footage coming in from different sources, in different formats. Funneling them into the project optimally is essential for complete chaos to not erupt. Editing is order!

Media must be discriminated against by predetermined criteria, often while it is still being obtained, and therefore reduced to a manageable quantity without jeopardizing the desired vision. Further, it may be sorted by characters, locations, dates, events, frame sizes, or even by the color of lighting. It is the Editors call as to what sorting criteria will be used and is often among the duties of the Assistant Editor. This preparation is crucial and is the foundation for the rest of the process.
A question at this point could be: Where does editing even start?

At the script, the very beginning of the pre-production process. As the project is being envisioned, in one way or another, the edit is part of that vision. If the Editor joins the production at the later stages of the project, the envisioning part has, to a degree, been already done for them by other team members.
 

A healthy way of approaching a project is to see the whole process as a preparation for the edit. It is at that time when the project finally comes to life, all the efforts come to fruition and all miscalculations reveal themselves as obstacles.

It is usual to think of Editors as the ones who make the cuts, transitions, composites, and so forth. This is the creative part of the process, which makes all the tedious preparation worthwhile. We call this part Composing.
You know, like composing a song?
 

Composing in video Editing is a creative and engaging part of the process in which the editor seeks to capture themselves in the flow. A kind of meditative state of high concentration and alertness where the memory of all the footage in the Editors mind is still fresh and responsive, thus giving the editor access to a greater pool of ideas and solutions.

Although often perceived as a solitary endeavor, in practice it is unlikely for the editor to participate in the process on their own. The social aspect is an important one. When there is a team that weaved the story, gathered footage, and performed during pre-production and production, they will unlikely abandon the project once it is in the Editor's hands. They too are invested in the outcome. Being the power of editing is great and can be pivotal for the project, their input will find its way to post-production processes. In turn, this circumstance can turn into a sizable amount of pressure for the Editor.
This is where it is of utmost importance for the Editor to foster the collaborative spirit. This requires soft skills only seen with the career professionals, as no editor becomes one without them.

The soft skill of the Editor and other creatives that encapsulates the social aspect of the role, may be captured by these simple principles:
* Share the project
* Respect the vision
* Hold your ground

Sharing the project
is the recognition that not all investments in it are only of the Editor. Likely, the director invested themselves unmeasurably more and might have a lot to say about the editing process. Requesting things to be done a certain way, even if clashing with Editors approach, might have a lot of merit to them even if they are uncomfortable to consider. The team's input, even if colliding with the Editors perspective, could viably produce a better outcome, therefore must be considered, tried, and tested.
Here, it might be useful to ask oneself.
Am I listening carefully enough?
Communicating and only proceeding to the next point of argument once made sure the previous one is understood, grasped correctly. Seeing oneself as what course of action should be taken, in Editors role, as a correct response to each and every point of the argument.

By respecting the vision,
the editor falls in line with the rest of the team. Researching the experience that had brought the idea about can be helpful at observing the angle it is derived from. Walk in the storyteller's shoes. The composing of a scene has everything to do with the feel it is meant to portray. The editor must translate all the subtleties that are offered in the footage and sound. Therefore, understanding the feelings that drive the story is a given prerequisite.
A useful question might be:
Is every decision I am making contributing or subtracting from the idea the project is meant to communicate?

There are always many creative avenues to take when presenting a moment, solving a problem and they might differ subtly, but there often is the best choice in the given circumstance.

Hold your ground.
This sounds like it'd be at odds with sharing the project and that's why it is all so tricky. A role such as that of a Director may become too invested in the project, as they may not see the forest from a tree. As an example, becoming emotionally tied to footage or scenes that do not serve the project and therefore insist on including them. The editor, as less partisan in the process and access to more clarity with having the final outcome in mind, might be in a better position to make more rational calls and if that indeed is the case, these contributions need to be defended.
While closely examining arguments before making and delivering them in a calm and articulate manner, here you must ask yourself:
Am I correct with my perspective with respect to the story and the audience?

This brings us to the psychological aspect of Editing. It is something best contemplated by an individual, so exploration of your perspective and flexibility to acquire new ones is entirely an inner quest, but I will leave you with the following:
 

The audience will not know, what it does not know. The power to present a narrative in different lights and different angles with editing makes this invisible art an incredibly potent tool that must be used carefully, responsibly and ultimately creatively.

Humanity has been gifted with many geniuses in it's history, and some ended up as filmmakers. Here are the famous words of Alfred Hitchcock on editing: "We call it cutting, well it isn't exactly that. Cutting implies severing something, it really should be called assembling. Mosaic is assembling something to create a whole, montage means an assembly of pieces of film which in a moving succession before the eye create an idea."
 

Storytelling is as old as language. It is intrinsic to the processes of thinking. Communicating relies on the input of two of the most notable and transmissible senses, hearing and seeing. At the crux of this intersection, Editing sits as an art that can make a peasant out of a king and king out of a peasant. The power of film is as much the power of the edit.

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Author: Bojan Cosic
Editor and Filmmaker
based in Calgary, Alberta Canada

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